Causes of photosensitivity affecting the eyes

Light sensitivity, also called photophobia, may occur when the eye surface is dry or irritated, when the cornea or inside of the eye is inflamed, or during a migraine. Redness, watering, gritty discomfort, blurred vision, or headache can provide useful clues. Some medicines make skin or eyes more reactive to sunlight; a drug rash may occur alongside broader sun sensitivity. The symptom can affect one or both eyes, and its intensity may change with indoor lighting, screens, or outdoor glare. It is a symptom rather than a diagnosis.

Reduce glare with sunglasses and a hat outdoors, use comfortable indoor lighting, and take screen breaks. Avoid staring at bright sources and do not use someone else's eye drops. Note when the sensitivity began, whether it follows a medicine or sun exposure, and whether pain, discharge, or vision change accompanies it. A clinician can examine the eye surface and review medicines before recommending treatment.

Seek urgent eye care for severe eye pain, sudden vision loss or marked blur, a very red eye, unequal pupils, injury, chemical exposure, halos around lights, or headache with vomiting or neurological symptoms. Light sensitivity with a new rash, fever, or pronounced swelling also deserves prompt medical advice.

Could dry eye, inflammation, migraine, or a medicine explain this symptom? Do I need an eye examination? Which warning signs should bring me back urgently, and should any medicine be reviewed?