Causes of Greater Trochanteric Bursitis

The nearby gluteal tendons are often involved, so clinicians may use the broader term greater trochanteric pain syndrome rather than assume the bursa is the only painful structure. Symptoms may follow a sudden change in walking, running or exercise load, prolonged pressure from lying on one side, or an impact onto the hip.

The bursae are small, fluid-filled cushions near the greater trochanter, the bony prominence at the side of the upper thigh. Repeated compression between this area and the tissues above it may trigger irritation. Weakness or reduced control in the hip muscles can increase strain on the gluteal tendons during stairs, walking or standing on one leg. A difference in gait, lower-back or knee problems, and a rapid rise in activity can also alter how load passes through the hip. Sometimes there is no single identifiable cause.

Temporarily reduce activities that clearly aggravate the outer hip, but keep moving within a comfortable range. Avoid sleeping directly on the painful side; when lying on the other side, placing a pillow between the knees may reduce hip compression. Note whether hills, stairs, crossed legs, long walks or a recent training change affect symptoms. A clinician or physiotherapist can assess hip strength, tendon loading, walking pattern and whether pain may be coming from the back or hip joint, then guide a gradual return to activity.

Arrange an assessment if outer-hip pain persists, repeatedly interrupts sleep, limits walking or is worsening despite adjusting activity. Seek urgent care after a significant fall if you cannot bear weight, or if the hip looks deformed. Prompt medical review is also appropriate for a hot, red or markedly swollen area, fever, rapidly increasing pain, new leg weakness or numbness, or loss of bladder or bowel control. These features need evaluation for causes other than routine bursal or tendon irritation.

Ask which structure appears to be painful: the bursa, a gluteal tendon, the hip joint or referred tissue from the lower back. Useful follow-up questions include which movements should be modified, what strengthening is suitable now, how activity should be rebuilt, and what change in symptoms should prompt reassessment. If an injection or shockwave therapy is discussed, ask what problem it is intended to address and how it fits with rehabilitation.