What causes ringworm on the scalp?

Scalp ringworm, or tinea capitis, may cause round or irregular areas of scaling, itch, tenderness, broken hairs, or patchy hair loss. Some people develop swollen lymph nodes or a painful, boggy area called a kerion. Fungi can pass between people, pets, and contaminated combs, brushes, hats, pillows, or towels. The name is misleading: a worm is not involved, and the border does not always form a neat ring.

Other causes of a Skin Rash or Scaly Skin can resemble infection. Examination and sometimes a hair or skin sample help confirm the diagnosis, particularly when hair loss or inflammation is present.

Arrange medical assessment rather than relying on a skin cream alone. Infection inside scalp hairs usually needs treatment prescribed for the whole body; Oral Antifungal Treatment may be recommended, while Topical Antifungal Treatment can have a supporting role depending on the diagnosis. Do not share brushes, hats, towels, or bedding. Wash personal items as advised, clean combs, and ask whether household members or pets need checking. Avoid scratching or shaving the affected area.

Book prompt care for patchy hair loss with scale, broken hairs, pus, marked tenderness, or a swollen area. Seek urgent assessment for rapidly increasing swelling, fever, severe pain, spreading redness, or eye involvement. Children, people with reduced immunity, and anyone with a worsening infection should be reviewed promptly because inflammation can damage follicles.

Ask whether the scalp needs microscopy, culture, or another sample, how long treatment should continue, and when it is safe to return to shared activities. Ask which household items need cleaning and whether close contacts or pets should be examined.