What should you know about swollen mammary glands?

The breast area can feel swollen because of hormonal changes, pregnancy, breastfeeding, blocked ducts, infection, injury, or a cyst. A firm area may also need examination to identify its cause. If the phrase refers to lymph nodes near the breast or armpit, infection in nearby skin, the arm, or the chest can make them enlarge. Conditions such as a [Common Cold](/conditions/common-cold/) or [Tonsillitis](/conditions/tonsillitis/) can enlarge lymph nodes elsewhere, but they do not explain every breast-area change.

Notice when the swelling began, whether it affects one side or both, and whether the skin is red, hot, dimpled, bruised, or broken. Check for pain, fever, a lump, nipple inversion, or fluid. Avoid squeezing the area. Arrange a clinical examination if it persists, recurs, or is not clearly linked to a temporary hormonal change. Take a list of medicines and note pregnancy, breastfeeding, recent injury, or family history of breast disease.

Seek same-day care for a hot, red, tender swelling with fever, feeling unwell, or rapidly worsening pain. Arrange prompt assessment for a new hard lump, skin dimpling, bloody discharge, an inverted nipple that is new, or swelling that does not settle. Seek urgent help for severe illness, fainting, or difficulty breathing. A clinician may examine the breast and nearby lymph nodes and decide whether imaging or other tests are appropriate.

Ask whether the swelling is in breast tissue or a nearby lymph node, which causes fit your symptoms, and what changes should prompt review. Ask how to monitor the area and when follow-up is needed.