Can nicotine dependence cause peripheral arterial disease?

Peripheral arterial disease develops when arteries outside the heart, often those supplying the legs, become narrowed or stiff. Nicotine can constrict blood vessels and increase cardiovascular strain. Tobacco smoke can injure artery walls and encourage plaque and clotting processes. Reduced blood flow may cause aching or cramping in the calf, thigh, or buttock during walking that eases with rest. Some people notice cold feet, shiny skin, slow-growing nails, or sores that heal slowly. Other conditions, including diabetes and high cholesterol, can contribute too.

Arrange an assessment if walking repeatedly brings on leg pain, or if a foot wound is slow to heal. A clinician may check pulses, skin changes, walking symptoms, blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes. Make a supported plan to stop nicotine; it may include counselling, nicotine replacement, or prescription treatment. Ask about a gradual walking programme and medicines that address cardiovascular risk. Protect your feet from cuts, burns, and poorly fitting shoes.

Seek urgent care for a foot or leg that suddenly becomes cold, pale, blue, numb, very painful, or weak. A new wound with spreading redness, swelling, drainage, or fever also needs prompt assessment. Rest pain, especially pain that repeatedly wakes you, should not be ignored. Emergency help is appropriate for sudden severe limb symptoms or chest pain, severe breathlessness, faintness, or signs of a stroke.

Ask whether your symptoms fit peripheral arterial disease, whether circulation testing is needed, and which quit support is suitable. Discuss foot care, exercise safety, cholesterol and blood pressure checks, and which changes should prompt same-day review.