Can Breast Cancer Cause Bone Metastases?

Bone metastases occur when breast cancer cells travel from the breast to bone and grow there. They are still breast cancer cells, not a new primary bone cancer. Areas such as the spine, pelvis, ribs and long bones can be involved, and some people have no symptoms when a scan finds a bone lesion.

Possible effects include persistent or worsening pain, reduced movement, weaker bone and, in some cases, high calcium in the blood. These problems can be managed, but the correct treatment depends on scans, blood tests, the location of disease and the features of the breast cancer.

Tell your oncology team about new pain that lasts, wakes you, or changes with movement, as well as unexplained fractures or difficulty walking. The team may review your history, examine you and choose imaging such as an X-ray, CT, MRI or bone scan. A blood test may check calcium and kidney function.

Treatment can include medicines directed at breast cancer, bone-strengthening treatment, pain relief, radiotherapy to a painful area, or an orthopaedic procedure when a bone is at risk. Ask before dental procedures if bone-strengthening medicine is being considered, because dental planning may be part of safe care.

Seek emergency assessment for sudden severe back or neck pain, new leg weakness or numbness, loss of bladder or bowel control, inability to bear weight, or a suspected fracture. These symptoms may indicate pressure on the spinal cord or a weakened bone. Prompt treatment can help protect movement and function.

Ask which symptoms should be reported immediately, what scan is appropriate, and whether calcium or kidney tests are needed. If bone metastases are confirmed, ask about pain control, bone-strengthening medicines, dental review, activity limits and the role of radiotherapy or other treatments.