What should you know about beam radiation for prostate cancer?

It may be offered with curative intent, after surgery, or to control cancer and ease symptoms elsewhere in the body. The recommended field and schedule depend on the cancer's location, extent, previous treatment and your general health.

A planning scan maps the prostate and nearby structures such as the bladder and rectum. The team calculates beam directions and shapes, then checks your position at treatment visits so the planned area lines up accurately.

You lie still while the machine moves around you; it does not need to touch the prostate. Treatment choices may also include internal radiation, surgery or medicines, so the oncology team considers the expected benefits and burdens of each approach with you.

Follow the centre's bladder and bowel preparation instructions because changes in filling can alter the position of the prostate. Take prescribed medicines as directed, wear comfortable clothing and tell staff if pain makes it hard to remain in the treatment position.

Record urinary burning, urgency, a weaker stream, bowel looseness, rectal discomfort, tiredness and skin changes. Avoid starting supplements or remedies without checking them with the oncology team, as some may interfere with treatment or worsen irritation.

Call the treatment team promptly if you cannot pass urine, see substantial blood in urine or stool, develop a fever, have repeated vomiting or diarrhoea, or cannot keep up with fluids. New severe back pain with leg weakness, numbness around the groin or loss of bladder or bowel control needs urgent assessment.

Get emergency help for collapse, severe breathlessness, chest pain or sudden confusion. These symptoms should be assessed on their own urgency, regardless of whether radiation is the cause.

Discuss the aim of radiation, the exact area to be treated, alternatives, expected urinary and bowel effects, possible sexual changes, fertility considerations, and how follow-up will assess the response. Ask whom to call for problems during evenings or weekends.