Bartholin gland removal: when it may be considered

It is a more extensive operation than opening or draining a cyst, so the reason for removal and the alternatives should be clear before you consent.

Simple drainage releases fluid but the opening can close again. Marsupialisation creates a lasting opening by stitching the cyst wall to the surrounding tissue. Gland excision removes the gland and associated cyst through an incision in the vulval area.

Excision may be discussed when cysts or abscesses repeatedly return despite other care, when symptoms remain troublesome, or when tissue needs laboratory examination to clarify a lump. Because the gland lies in tissue with a rich blood supply, bleeding, bruising, infection, scarring, and discomfort during healing are relevant surgical risks.

Tell the surgeon about medicines and supplements, allergies, previous cyst procedures, pregnancy possibility, and any bleeding or anaesthetic problems. Ask whether medicines that affect clotting require a personalised plan; do not stop prescribed treatment on your own.

Before leaving hospital, make sure you understand wound care, washing, pain relief, activity limits, and the follow-up plan. Loose clothing and sanitary pads may be useful if there is light postoperative drainage. Follow the surgeon's guidance on sex, exercise, bathing, and returning to work because healing varies with the procedure and your health.

Contact the surgical team promptly for worsening pain, spreading redness, increasing swelling, foul-smelling discharge, fever, wound separation, or difficulty passing urine. Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding, faintness, breathing difficulty, or rapidly increasing swelling. These symptoms require assessment rather than waiting for a scheduled follow-up.

Ask why complete gland removal is recommended in your case, whether marsupialisation or another approach remains suitable, and what type of anaesthesia is planned. Clarify how removed tissue will be examined, how pain will be managed, and whom to call if recovery does not follow the expected course.