What should you know about bacteria that causes strep throat?

Strep throat can cause a sudden sore throat, pain when swallowing, fever, red or swollen tonsils, and swollen glands in the neck. Some people notice white patches or tiny red spots in the mouth. Cough, runny nose, or hoarseness are more suggestive of a viral illness, but symptoms overlap and cannot diagnose the bacterium. Strep throat is different from tonsillitis as a general term: tonsillitis describes inflamed tonsils and can have several causes.

Arrange a GP consultation when a severe sore throat begins suddenly, swallowing is difficult, or fever and tender neck glands occur without typical cold symptoms. A clinician may examine the throat and use a swab or other test. If bacterial infection is confirmed or strongly suspected, antibiotic treatment may shorten illness and reduce transmission or complications. Take the prescribed course as directed, drink fluids, rest, and avoid sharing cups or utensils.

Get urgent help for trouble breathing, inability to swallow saliva, drooling, a muffled voice, severe one-sided throat pain, neck swelling, or difficulty opening the mouth. Seek prompt advice for dehydration, persistent fever, or worsening symptoms despite treatment. These signs can indicate swelling or a collection near the tonsil that needs rapid assessment.

Ask whether a throat test is needed, when you can return to close contact, how to ease swallowing pain safely, and what symptoms should trigger reassessment.