Aromatase inhibitor drugs for breast cancer

Anastrozole, letrozole and exemestane block aromatase, an enzyme the body uses to make estrogen. Lower estrogen levels can slow the growth of breast cancer cells that carry hormone receptors. These tablets are used mainly after menopause. A person whose ovaries are still active may receive an aromatase inhibitor together with treatment that suppresses ovarian function. The choice also depends on the tumour's hormone-receptor results, previous treatment and overall health.

Possible effects include hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, tiredness, joint or muscle discomfort and changes in mood or sexual wellbeing. Because lower estrogen can weaken bones, the care team may assess bone health and discuss exercise, nutrition or medication to protect it.

Take the tablet on the schedule on your prescription and check what to do if a dose is missed; do not double a dose unless your treatment team specifically instructs you. Keep an up-to-date list of prescription medicines, non-prescription products and supplements so the oncology clinician or pharmacist can check for interactions.

Tell the team promptly if joint pain, hot flushes, sleep problems or low mood interfere with daily life. Supportive treatment, a review of other causes or a carefully managed switch may help. Do not stop the aromatase inhibitor on your own. Attend planned follow-up appointments, including any bone-health or blood monitoring arranged for you.

Get urgent medical help for sudden chest pain, severe breathing difficulty, fainting, or swelling of the lips, tongue or throat. These symptoms need immediate assessment rather than waiting for a routine oncology visit. Contact the treatment team promptly about a new severe rash, a fall with suspected fracture, marked weakness, or any symptom that is rapidly worsening.

Ask which hormone-receptor result supports this treatment, why a particular aromatase inhibitor was selected, and whether ovarian suppression is relevant for you. Clarify how bone health will be checked, which side effects should trigger a same-day call, what options exist if symptoms become difficult, and how this medicine fits with surgery, radiotherapy or other drug treatment.