Approved CAR T-cell therapies

Eligibility depends on the exact diagnosis, previous therapy, current disease and fitness for the procedure. Treatment is delivered by a specialist centre because preparation, infusion and recovery require coordinated testing and rapid access to experienced care.

T cells are collected from the blood and sent for modification so they carry a chimeric antigen receptor, or CAR. This receptor helps the returned cells recognise a selected marker on cancer cells. Manufacturing takes time, so some people need treatment to control the disease while the cells are prepared.

Before the CAR T cells are infused, lymphodepleting medicines make space for them to expand. The team then watches for inflammation affecting the whole body, changes in brain function, infection and low blood counts. These effects can emerge after the person has left the treatment unit.

Expect checks of heart, lung, kidney and liver function, infection screening and a review of medicines. Arrange a responsible caregiver, transport and accommodation close enough to the treating centre to follow its monitoring plan. Carry the treatment alert card and show it to any clinician who assesses you.

Clarify what happens if collection or manufacturing is delayed, which medicines must be paused and when driving or operating machinery can resume. Follow the centre's guidance on infection precautions and vaccinations after treatment.

Contact the CAR T-cell team immediately for fever, chills, breathing difficulty, dizziness, a fast heartbeat, severe weakness, confusion, unusual sleepiness, agitation, shaking, trouble speaking, loss of balance or a seizure. Do not wait for a scheduled visit. Call emergency services for severe breathing difficulty, collapse, a seizure or rapidly worsening confusion, and show responders the treatment alert card.

Which target and product fit my diagnosis? What could prevent collection or infusion? Will I need disease-control treatment while the cells are made? How close must I remain to the centre, and who should my caregiver call at any hour?