After effects of a tetanus shot: what to expect

Tenderness is often strongest around the injection site. Some people also notice aching muscles, chills, nausea or reduced appetite. These effects reflect the immune response to the vaccine rather than tetanus infection; the vaccine cannot give you tetanus.

Mild local discomfort that starts after vaccination and gradually improves fits an expected reaction. A firm, warm or slightly red patch can develop where the needle entered. Keep track of whether the patch is shrinking, stable or continuing to spread.

The exact response may differ from one dose to another. Symptoms that become more intense instead of easing, or illness that began before the injection, may have another cause and deserve a clinical assessment.

Move the vaccinated arm gently during normal activities and apply a cool, clean compress if the area aches. Drink fluids, rest if tired and avoid rubbing or pressing hard on the injection site.

If you are considering paracetamol or another pain reliever, check that it is suitable for your age, pregnancy status, medical conditions and other medicines. Follow the product instructions or advice from a pharmacist or clinician rather than taking medicine pre-emptively.

Call emergency services immediately for trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives, severe dizziness, collapse or rapidly worsening symptoms after vaccination. These can signal a serious allergic reaction.

Arrange prompt medical advice for a high or persistent fever, severe weakness, confusion, a seizure, intense pain, marked loss of arm movement, or redness and swelling that keep expanding. A clinician should also assess any reaction that concerns you or is not improving over the next few days.

Ask which tetanus-containing vaccine you received, whether your symptoms fit the expected response, and whether your vaccination schedule needs another dose. Mention the injection time, when symptoms began, medicines taken, previous vaccine reactions and any known allergies.