What should you know about adenovirus tonsillitis?

Adenovirus is one of several viruses that can inflame the tonsils and surrounding throat. The infection may cause a sore throat, painful swallowing, fever and tender or swollen glands. A cough, blocked or runny nose, or red and irritated eyes can occur alongside the throat symptoms.

The appearance of the tonsils cannot always identify the cause. Viral tonsillitis and strep throat can both produce redness, swelling or patches on the tonsils, so a clinician may examine the throat and use a swab when the diagnosis is uncertain.

Rest, drink regularly and choose cool or soft foods if swallowing hurts. Paracetamol or ibuprofen may ease pain and fever when suitable for you; follow the product instructions and check with a pharmacist or clinician if you have other medical conditions, take regular medicines, are pregnant, or are treating a child.

Antibiotics do not treat adenovirus. They may be prescribed only if an assessment or test supports a bacterial infection such as strep throat. Reduce spread by washing hands, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding shared cups, cutlery and towels while unwell.

Seek emergency care for difficulty breathing, noisy breathing, inability to swallow saliva, marked drooling, confusion, severe drowsiness, or rapidly increasing swelling in the throat or neck. These signs can indicate an obstructed airway, significant dehydration or a complication that needs immediate assessment.

Arrange a GP assessment if fluids are hard to take, urine becomes unusually dark or infrequent, symptoms are worsening rather than settling, or throat infections keep returning. Earlier review is sensible for anyone with a weakened immune system, serious heart or lung disease, or another condition that raises the risk of severe infection.

You could ask whether your symptoms suggest a viral infection, whether a throat swab is appropriate, and which pain relief is safe with your medicines or health conditions. If episodes recur, ask what details to record and whether another cause or an ear, nose and throat assessment should be considered.