Abdominal scans for suspected kidney stones

Kidney stones are hard deposits that can remain in a kidney or move into the tube carrying urine to the bladder. Imaging may identify a stone’s location, reveal swelling caused by obstructed urine flow, and help clinicians plan management. Ultrasound avoids ionising radiation and can detect urinary tract swelling and some stones. Other imaging may be considered when the result is unclear or greater anatomical detail is needed.

Follow the imaging centre’s instructions because preparation differs by scan type; you may be asked about eating, drinking or having a comfortably full bladder. Tell the team if you are pregnant or could be pregnant, have kidney problems, or have reacted to contrast material before. Bring prior imaging and a current medication list. While waiting for assessment, use only pain relief that is suitable for you and drink normally unless a clinician has given different advice.

Seek urgent care for flank or abdominal pain with fever, shaking chills, repeated vomiting, marked weakness or confusion. Inability to pass urine, rapidly worsening pain, fainting, or feeling severely unwell also requires prompt assessment. A blocked urinary tract with infection can become serious and may need immediate drainage and antimicrobial treatment rather than an outpatient imaging appointment.

Ask which scan is being requested, how to prepare, whether contrast or radiation is involved, and when results will be available. Afterward, clarify whether a stone or blockage was found, whether urine and blood tests are needed, what symptoms should trigger urgent care, and whether follow-up imaging is planned.